leetcode-master/problems/0454.四数相加II.md

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> 需要哈希的地方都能找到map的身影
# 第454题.四数相加II
[力扣题目链接](https://leetcode-cn.com/problems/4sum-ii/)
给定四个包含整数的数组列表 A , B , C , D ,计算有多少个元组 (i, j, k, l) 使得 A[i] + B[j] + C[k] + D[l] = 0。
为了使问题简单化,所有的 A, B, C, D 具有相同的长度 N且 0 ≤ N ≤ 500 。所有整数的范围在 -2^28 到 2^28 - 1 之间最终结果不会超过 2^31 - 1 。
**例如:**
输入:
A = [ 1, 2]
B = [-2,-1]
C = [-1, 2]
D = [ 0, 2]
输出:
2
**解释:**
两个元组如下:
1. (0, 0, 0, 1) -> A[0] + B[0] + C[0] + D[1] = 1 + (-2) + (-1) + 2 = 0
2. (1, 1, 0, 0) -> A[1] + B[1] + C[0] + D[0] = 2 + (-1) + (-1) + 0 = 0
# 思路
本题咋眼一看好像和[0015.三数之和](https://programmercarl.com/0015.三数之和.html)[0018.四数之和](https://programmercarl.com/0018.四数之和.html)差不多,其实差很多。
**本题是使用哈希法的经典题目,而[0015.三数之和](https://programmercarl.com/0015.三数之和.html)[0018.四数之和](https://programmercarl.com/0018.四数之和.html)并不合适使用哈希法**,因为三数之和和四数之和这两道题目使用哈希法在不超时的情况下做到对结果去重是很困难的,很有多细节需要处理。
**而这道题目是四个独立的数组只要找到A[i] + B[j] + C[k] + D[l] = 0就可以不用考虑有重复的四个元素相加等于0的情况所以相对于题目18. 四数之和题目15.三数之和,还是简单了不少!**
如果本题想难度升级就是给出一个数组而不是四个数组在这里找出四个元素相加等于0答案中不可以包含重复的四元组大家可以思考一下后续的文章我也会讲到的。
本题解题步骤:
1. 首先定义 一个unordered_mapkey放a和b两数之和value 放a和b两数之和出现的次数。
2. 遍历大A和大B数组统计两个数组元素之和和出现的次数放到map中。
3. 定义int变量count用来统计a+b+c+d = 0 出现的次数。
4. 在遍历大C和大D数组找到如果 0-(c+d) 在map中出现过的话就用count把map中key对应的value也就是出现次数统计出来。
5. 最后返回统计值 count 就可以了
C++代码:
```CPP
class Solution {
public:
int fourSumCount(vector<int>& A, vector<int>& B, vector<int>& C, vector<int>& D) {
unordered_map<int, int> umap; //key:a+b的数值value:a+b数值出现的次数
// 遍历大A和大B数组统计两个数组元素之和和出现的次数放到map中
for (int a : A) {
for (int b : B) {
umap[a + b]++;
}
}
int count = 0; // 统计a+b+c+d = 0 出现的次数
// 在遍历大C和大D数组找到如果 0-(c+d) 在map中出现过的话就把map中key对应的value也就是出现次数统计出来。
for (int c : C) {
for (int d : D) {
if (umap.find(0 - (c + d)) != umap.end()) {
count += umap[0 - (c + d)];
}
}
}
return count;
}
};
```
## 其他语言版本
Java
```Java
class Solution {
public int fourSumCount(int[] nums1, int[] nums2, int[] nums3, int[] nums4) {
Map<Integer, Integer> map = new HashMap<>();
int temp;
int res = 0;
//统计两个数组中的元素之和同时统计出现的次数放入map
for (int i : nums1) {
for (int j : nums2) {
temp = i + j;
if (map.containsKey(temp)) {
map.put(temp, map.get(temp) + 1);
} else {
map.put(temp, 1);
}
}
}
//统计剩余的两个元素的和在map中找是否存在相加为0的情况同时记录次数
for (int i : nums3) {
for (int j : nums4) {
temp = i + j;
if (map.containsKey(0 - temp)) {
res += map.get(0 - temp);
}
}
}
return res;
}
}
```
Python
```python
class Solution(object):
def fourSumCount(self, nums1, nums2, nums3, nums4):
# use a dict to store the elements in nums1 and nums2 and their sum
hashmap = dict()
for n1 in nums1:
for n2 in nums2:
if n1 + n2 in hashmap:
hashmap[n1+n2] += 1
else:
hashmap[n1+n2] = 1
# if the -(a+b) exists in nums3 and nums4, we shall add the count
count = 0
for n3 in nums3:
for n4 in nums4:
key = - n3 - n4
if key in hashmap:
count += hashmap[key]
return count
```
Go
```go
func fourSumCount(nums1 []int, nums2 []int, nums3 []int, nums4 []int) int {
m := make(map[int]int)
count := 0
for _, v1 := range nums1 {
for _, v2 := range nums2 {
m[v1+v2]++
}
}
for _, v3 := range nums3 {
for _, v4 := range nums4 {
count += m[-v3-v4]
}
}
return count
}
```
javaScript:
```js
/**
* @param {number[]} nums1
* @param {number[]} nums2
* @param {number[]} nums3
* @param {number[]} nums4
* @return {number}
*/
var fourSumCount = function(nums1, nums2, nums3, nums4) {
const twoSumMap = new Map();
let count = 0;
for(const n1 of nums1) {
for(const n2 of nums2) {
const sum = n1 + n2;
twoSumMap.set(sum, (twoSumMap.get(sum) || 0) + 1)
}
}
for(const n3 of nums3) {
for(const n4 of nums4) {
const sum = n3 + n4;
count += (twoSumMap.get(0 - sum) || 0)
}
}
return count;
};
```
PHP:
```php
class Solution {
/**
* @param Integer[] $nums1
* @param Integer[] $nums2
* @param Integer[] $nums3
* @param Integer[] $nums4
* @return Integer
*/
function fourSumCount($nums1, $nums2, $nums3, $nums4) {
$map = [];
foreach ($nums1 as $n1) {
foreach ($nums2 as $n2) {
$temp = $n1 + $n2;
$map[$temp] = isset($map[$temp]) ? $map[$temp]+1 : 1;
}
}
$count = 0;
foreach ($nums3 as $n3) {
foreach ($nums4 as $n4) {
$temp = 0 - $n3 - $n4;
if (isset($map[$temp])) {
$count += $map[$temp];
}
}
}
return $count;
}
}
```
Swift
```swift
func fourSumCount(_ nums1: [Int], _ nums2: [Int], _ nums3: [Int], _ nums4: [Int]) -> Int {
// key:a+b的数值value:a+b数值出现的次数
var map = [Int: Int]()
// 遍历nums1和nums2数组统计两个数组元素之和和出现的次数放到map中
for i in 0 ..< nums1.count {
for j in 0 ..< nums2.count {
let sum1 = nums1[i] + nums2[j]
map[sum1] = (map[sum1] ?? 0) + 1
}
}
// 统计a+b+c+d = 0 出现的次数
var res = 0
// 在遍历大num3和num4数组找到如果 0-(c+d) 在map中出现过的话就把map中key对应的value也就是出现次数统计出来。
for i in 0 ..< nums3.count {
for j in 0 ..< nums4.count {
let sum2 = nums3[i] + nums4[j]
let other = 0 - sum2
if map.keys.contains(other) {
res += map[other]!
}
}
}
return res
}
```
Rust
```rust
use std::collections::HashMap;
impl Solution {
pub fn four_sum_count(nums1: Vec<i32>, nums2: Vec<i32>, nums3: Vec<i32>, nums4: Vec<i32>) -> i32 {
let mut umap:HashMap<i32, i32> = HashMap::new();
for num1 in &nums1 {
for num2 in &nums2 {
*umap.entry(num1 + num2).or_insert(0) += 1;
}
}
let mut count = 0;
for num3 in &nums3 {
for num4 in &nums4 {
let target:i32 = - (num3 + num4);
count += umap.get(&target).unwrap_or(&0);
}
}
count
}
}
```
-----------------------
* 作者微信:[程序员Carl](https://mp.weixin.qq.com/s/b66DFkOp8OOxdZC_xLZxfw)
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