143 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
143 lines
5.0 KiB
Markdown
ab
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===
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Apache服务器的性能测试工具
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## 安装
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若系统未安装，使用以下命令安装
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```shell
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# Ubuntu
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sudo apt-get install apache2-utils
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# Centos
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yum install httpd-tools
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```
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## 补充说明
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**ab命令** 是一个测试你 Apache http 服务器的工具，你可以通过这个工具，指定一个单位时间内向 apache 发出的请求数量来看看你的 Apache 和机器配合的性能如何。
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### 语法
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```shell
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ab [ -A auth-username:password ] [ -c concurrency ] [ -C cookie-name=value
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] [ -d ] [ -e csv-file ] [ -g gnuplot-file ] [ -h ] [ -H custom-header ] [
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-i ] [ -k ] [ -n requests ] [ -p POST-file ] [ -P proxy-auth-user‐
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name:password ] [ -q ] [ -s ] [ -S ] [ -t timelimit ] [ -T content-type ]
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[ -v verbosity] [ -V ] [ -w ] [ -x <table>-attributes ] [ -X proxy[:port]
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] [ -y <tr>-attributes ] [ -z <td>-attributes ] [http://]host‐
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name[:port]/path
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```
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### 选项
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```shell
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-A auth-username:password
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# 支持基本的验证证书,用户名和密码之间使用"冒号" :
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# 分隔开,ab将以明文方式传送过去.不管服务器是不是需要
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# ,也就是说你的服务器需要支持401认证.
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-c concurrency
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# 同时向服务器端发送的请求数目，默认状态下是一次 只执行一个http请求.
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-C cookie-name=value
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# Add a Cookie: line to the request. The argument is typically in the
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# form of a name=value pair. This field is repeatable.
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-d # Do not display the "percentage served within XX [ms] table".
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# (legacy support).
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-e csv-file
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# Write a Comma separated value (CSV) file which contains for each
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# percentage (from 1% to 100%) the time (in milli seconds) it took to
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# serve that percentage of the requests. This is usually more useful
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# than the 'gnuplot' file; as the results are already 'binned'.
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-g gnuplot-file
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# Write all measured values out as a 'gnuplot' or TSV (Tab separate
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# values) file. This file can easily be imported into packages like
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# Gnuplot, IDL, Mathematica, Igor or even Excel. The labels are on
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# the first line of the file.
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-h # 显示使用说明
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-H custom-header
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# 向请求包追加附加的标题字串.此参数应该是有效的标题 行(header
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# line)形式,通常使用冒号":"来分隔有效配对 (valid pair)例如 'Accept-
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# Encoding: zip/zop;8 bit';
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-i # 使用一个 http 头(HEAD) 来替换 GET方法.不可以掺入POST 方法
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-k # 允许http KeepAlive ；也就是说执行多个请求在一个 http
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# 会话当中，默认是不允许的也就是no KeepAlive啦;)
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-n requests
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# 执行一次测试会话的时候所发出的请求数目,默认是执行一个单一的请求
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# 当然了这样的测试结果也就没什么意义了
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-p POST-file
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# 测试程序也就是ab,将向Apache server发送带有HTTP POST 的请求.
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-P proxy-auth-username:password
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# 当需要通过代理测试一台 HTTP 服务器的时候而你的代理
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# 又需要用户名密码验证,这时你可以使用这个选项,同样
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# 用户名与密码之间使用冒号":"分隔开,ab将之以明文的方式
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# 发送出去,当然,前提是你的代理是处于407认证状态的
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-q # When processing more than 150 requests, ab outputs a progress count
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# on stderr every 10% or 100 requests or so. The -q flag will sup‐
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# press these messages.
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-s # When compiled in (ab -h will show you) use the SSL protected https
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# rather than the http protocol. This feature is experimental and
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# very rudimentary. You probably do not want to use it.
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-S # Do not display the median and standard deviation values, nor dis‐
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# play the warning/error messages when the average and median are
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# more than one or two times the standard deviation apart. And de‐
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# fault to the min/avg/max values. (legacy support).
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-t timelimit
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# 设置测试的时间的长短，使用这个选项ab将自动设置
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# 测试请求会话数目为50000，然后以你设置的时间为
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# 固定周期.默认状态下是没有时限的，也就是直到完成
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# 你所设置的请求数目为止.
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-T content-type
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# 内容类型标头,使用在POST数据的时候.
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-v verbosity
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# 设置冗余级别,4级打印出每个请求标头的详细信息,
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# 3级打印出回应代码(例如,404,200),2级打印出警告 信息和指示消息
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-V # 显示版本号并且退出
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-w # 打印输出结果到HTML表中. 默认的表是两列n行白底黑框
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-x <table>-attributes
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# 使用字串来描述表的属性,该属性字串应该插入到<table 这里 >
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-X proxy[:port]
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# Use a proxy server for the requests.
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-y <tr>-attributes
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# 用于生成html表格每行的属性名 (<tr>)
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-z <td>-attributes
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# 用于生成html表格每列的属性名 (<td>)
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```
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### 参数
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主机：被测试主机。
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### 实例
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```shell
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# 10个并发， 请求500次
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ab -c 10 -n 500 https://www.qq.com/
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```
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