opentelemetry-dotnet-instrumentation/docs/manual-instrumentation.md

Manually instrument a .NET application

The automatic instrumentation provides a base you can build on by adding your own manual instrumentation. By using both automatic and manual instrumentation, you can better instrument the logic and functionality of your applications, clients, and frameworks.

Traces

To create your custom traces manually, follow these steps:

1. Add the System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource dependency to your project:

   <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="9.0.0" />
   

2. Create an ActivitySource instance:

       private static readonly ActivitySource RegisteredActivity = new ActivitySource("Examples.ManualInstrumentations.Registered");
   

3. Create an Activity. Optionally, set tags:

           using (var activity = RegisteredActivity.StartActivity("Main"))
           {
               activity?.SetTag("foo", "bar1");
               // your logic for Main activity
           }
   

4. Register your ActivitySource in OpenTelemetry.AutoInstrumentation by setting the OTEL_DOTNET_AUTO_TRACES_ADDITIONAL_SOURCES environmental variable. You can set the value to either Examples.ManualInstrumentations.Registered or to Examples.ManualInstrumentations.*, which registers the entire prefix.

You can see a sample console application with manual instrumentation here.

Note that an Activity created for NonRegistered.ManualInstrumentations ActivitySource is not handled by the OpenTelemetry Automatic Instrumentation.

Metrics

To create your custom metrics manually, follow these steps:

1. Add the System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource dependency to your project:

   <PackageReference Include="System.Diagnostics.DiagnosticSource" Version="9.0.0" />
   

2. Create a Meter instance:

   using var meter = new Meter("Examples.Service", "1.0");
   

3. Create an Instrument:

   var successCounter = meter.CreateCounter<long>("srv.successes.count", description: "Number of successful responses");
   

4. Update the Instrument value. Optionally, set tags:

   successCounter.Add(1, new KeyValuePair<string, object?>("tagName", "tagValue"));
   

5. Register your Meter with OpenTelemetry.AutoInstrumentation by setting the OTEL_DOTNET_AUTO_METRICS_ADDITIONAL_SOURCES environment variable:

   OTEL_DOTNET_AUTO_METRICS_ADDITIONAL_SOURCES=Examples.Service
   

   You can set the value to either Examples.Service or to Examples.*, which registers the entire prefix.

You can see a sample console application with manual metric instrumentation here.

Further reading

• OpenTelemetry.io documentation for .NET Manual Instrumentation